Base of Number System | Types of Number System

Base of Number System-

 

• Base of a number system is the total number of digits used in that number system.
• Number system with base ‘b’ has its digits in the range [0 , b-1].
• It is also called as radix of a number system.

 

Examples-

 

Consider the following examples-

 

Base 10 Number System-

 

Consider base 10 number system popularly called as decimal number system-

• Total number of digits used in this number system are 10 since it has base 10.
• These digits are 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9.
• These digits clearly lie in the range [0 , base-1] = [0 , 9].

 

Base 2 Number System-

 

Consider base 2 number system popularly called as binary number system-

• Total number of digits used in this number system are 2 since it has base 2.
• These digits are 0 and 1.
• These digits clearly lie in the range [0 , base-1] = [0 , 1].

 

Important Note-

 

It is important to note that-

• All the digits of any number system with base ‘b’ are always less than ‘b’.
• This is clear from the range [0 , base-1] in which the digits of any number system lie.

 

Types of Number System-

 

Four most commonly used number systems are-

 

 

1. Decimal Number System
2. Binary Number System
3. Octal Number System
4. Hexadecimal Number System

 

The following table shows the base and digits used in these number systems-

 

Number System	Base	Digits Used
Decimal Number System	10	0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 (Total 10 digits)
Binary Number System	2	0, 1 (Total 2 digits)
Octal Number System	8	0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (Total 8 digits)
Hexadecimal Number System	16	0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F (Total 16 digits)

 

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Next Article- Converting Any Base to Base 10

 

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