Number System Conversions-
Before you go through this article, make sure that you have gone through the previous article on Basics of Number System.
In number system,
- It is very important to have a good knowledge of how to convert numbers from one base to another base.
- Here, we will learn how to convert any given number from base 10 to base 2.
Decimal to Binary Conversion-
A given number can be converted from base 10 to any other base using division method and multiplication method.
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Following two cases are possible-
Case-01: For Numbers Carrying No Fractional Part-
- Division Method is used to convert such numbers from base 10 to another base.
- The division is performed with the required base.
Steps To Convert From Base 10 to Base 2-
- Divide the given number (in base 10) with 2 until the result finally left is less than 2.
- Traverse the remainders from bottom to top to get the required number in base 2.
Case-02: For Numbers Carrying A Fractional Part-
To convert such numbers from base 10 to another base, real part and fractional part are treated separately.
For Real Part-
The steps involved in converting the real part from base 10 to another base are same as above.
For Fractional Part-
- Multiplication Method is used to convert fractional part from base 10 to another base.
- The multiplication is performed with the required base.
Steps To Convert From Base 10 To Base 2-
- Multiply the given fraction (in base 10) with 2.
- Write the real part and fractional part of the result so obtained separately.
- Multiply the fractional part with 2.
- Write the real part and fractional part of the result so obtained separately.
- Repeat this procedure until the fractional part remains 0.
- If fractional part does not terminate to 0, find the result up to as many places as required.
Required Number in Base 2
= Series of real part of multiplication results obtained in the above steps from top to bottom
Also Read- Conversion to Base 10
PRACTICE PROBLEMS BASED ON DECIMAL TO BINARY CONVERSION-
Problems-
Convert the following numbers from base 10 to base 2-
- (18)10
- (18.625)10
- (172)10
- (172.878)10
Solution-
1. (18)10
(18)10 → ( ? )2
Using division method, we have-
From here, (18)10 = (10010)2
2. (18.625)10
(18.625)10 → ( ? )2
Here, we treat the real part and fractional part separately-
For Real Part-
- The real part is (18)10
- We convert the real part from base 10 to base 2 using division method same as above.
So, (18)10 = (10010)2
For Fractional Part-
- The fractional part is (0.625)10
- We convert the fractional part from base 10 to base 2 using multiplication method.
Using multiplication method, we have-
Real part | Fractional Part | |
0.625 x 2 | 1 | 0.25 |
0.25 x 2 | 0 | 0.50 |
0.50 x 2 | 1 | 0 |
Explanation
Step-01:
Step-02:
Step-03:
Since fractional part becomes 0, so we stop. |
- The fractional part terminates to 0 after 3 iterations.
- Traverse the real part column from top to bottom to obtain the required number in base 2.
From here, (0.625)10 = (0.101)2
Combining the results of real part and fractional part, we have-
(18.625)10 = (10010.101)2
3. (172)10
(172)10 → ( ? )2
Using division method, we have-
From here, (172)10 = (10101100)2
4. (172.878)10
(172.878)10 → ( ? )2
Here, we treat the real part and fractional part separately-
For Real Part-
- The real part is (172)10
- We convert the real part from base 10 to base 2 using division method same as above.
So, (172)10 = (10101100)2
For Fractional Part-
- The fractional part is (0.878)10
- We convert the fractional part from base 10 to base 2 using multiplication method.
Using multiplication method, we have-
Real part | Fractional Part | |
0.878 x 2 | 1 | 0.756 |
0.756 x 2 | 1 | 0.512 |
0.512 x 2 | 1 | 0.024 |
0.024 x 2 | 0 | 0.048 |
- The fractional part does not terminates to 0 after several iterations.
- So, let us find the value up to 4 decimal places.
- Traverse the real part column from top to bottom to obtain the required number in base 2.
From here, (0.878)10 = (0.1110)2
Combining the results of real part and fractional part, we have-
(172.878)10 = (10101100.1110)2
To gain better understanding about Decimal to Binary Conversion,
Next Article- Decimal to Octal Conversion
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